Multiple spindle lathe



Dec. 14, 1948.

C. E. MILLER ET AL MULTIPLE SPINDLE LATHE l4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec.19, 1942 Dec. 14, 1948'. CE. MILLER ET AL. 2,456,139

MULTIPLE SPINDLE LATHE 14 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 19, 1942 #194 iii?fizz ' fWmZZZ c. E. MILLER ET AL MULTIPLE SEINDLE LATHE Dec. 14, 1948.

14 Sheets-Sheet 3 t Filed Dec. 19, 1942 P Izw I?! $770121? JZZZZW 4 2272mfgfliir C. E. MILLER ET AL Dec. 14, 1948.

MULTIPLE SPINDLE LATHE l4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Dec. 19, 942

C. E. MILLER ET AL MULTIPLE SPINDLE LATHE Dec. 14, 1948.

14 Slieets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 19; 1942 Dec. 14, 1 948. c; E. MILLER ETALMULTIPLE SPINDLE LATHE Filed Dec. 19, 1942 mm QM I w u IQ y 1 g g c.E.MILLER ETAL 2,456,139

MULTIPLE SPINDLE LATHE Dec. 14, 1948.

14 SheetsS heet 8 Filed Dec. 19, 1942 Dec. 14, 1948. c. E. MILLER ET ALMULTIPLE SPINDLE LATHE l4 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Dec. 19, 1942 IWWWJ [227%1 2 JZMZW Dec. 14, 1948.

Filed Dc. 19, 1942 C. E. MILLER ETAL' MULTIPLE SPINDL'E LATHE 14Sheets-Sheet l0 Dec. 14, 1948. c. E. MILLER ETAL 2,456,139

MULTIPLE SPINDLE :LATHE Fil ed Dec. 19, 1942 14 sheat s-Sheet 11 Dec.14, 1948. c. E. MILLER ETAL 2,456,139

' MULTIPLE SPINDLE LATHE Filed Dec. 19, 1942. I 14 Sheets-Shget 12 WWW.farm 1% JZMZW Dec. 14, 1948. C.IE. MILLER ET AL 2,45

MULTIPLE SPINDLE LATHE Filed Dec. 19, 1942 14 She ets-Sheet 1s PatentedDec. 14, 1948 MULTIPLE SPINDLE LATHE Carroll E. Miller and John M.Ingalls, Windsor,

Vt., assignors to Cone Automatic Machine Company Inc., Windsor, Vt.,

Vermont a corporation of Application December 19, 1942, Serial No.469,516

4 Claims.

1 This invention relates to multiple spindle lathes and has for anobject the improving of such machines in several important respects.

One object is to increase the flexibility of the machine whereby it canbe adapted to a larger and locking mechanism for the spindle support- 15ing drum or turret. I

A further object is to provide for more flexible control of the machinein setting up for any particular work.

Further objects and advantages will appear from a description of anembodiment of the invention shown in the accompanyin drawings in whichFigure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through the machine on line|-l of Figure 14.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary top plan view of the left hand portion of themachine.

Figure 3 is a right hand end elevation of the machine with parts brokenaway and in section.

Figures 4, 5 and 6 are detail sectional views on the correspondinglynumbered section lines of Figure 1.

Figures 7 and 8 are detail sectional views on lines '|-'l and 8-8,respectively, of Figure 4.

Figure 9 is a detail sectional view on line 9-9 of Figure 1. v

Figure 10 is a detail sectional view on line Ill-l0 of Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a perspective view of portions of the turret lockingmechanism.

Figure 12 is a detail. sectional view on line l2-l2 of Figure 1.

Figure 12a is a fragmentary side elevation showing the hand operatedindexing mechanism. ,7

Figure 13 is a detailsectional view on line |3-l3 of Figure 12.

Figures 14 and 15 are detail sectional views on lines l4--l4 and Hi-15,respectively, of Figure 1.

Figure 16 is a fragmentary top plan view of the right hand portion ofthe machine, the cover having been removed.

Figure 16a is a fragmentary perspective of the control interlockmechanism. r

Figure 17 is a detail sectional view on line ll-l'l ofFigure 15. Figure18 is a detail sectional view on lin |8l8 of Figure 19. 1

Figures 19 and 20 are detail sectional views on lines l9--I9 and 20-20,respectively, of Figure 18. Figure 21 is a front elevation of the righthand end portion of the machine, the cover plate being removed.

Referring first to Figure 1 of the drawing, the invention is illustratedas applied to a machine of the well known cone type. It comprises alower base I having at its right hand end an upwardly extended portion 2surmounted by a column comprising the superposed frame parts 3 and 6.This column houses the driving mechanism for the machine as will laterbe more fully described.

Somewhat to the left of the center of the machine, the base l isprovided with a pair of upstanding supports 5 and 6 which support a pairof spaced frame members I and 1', each provided with a central circularopening, the two openings being concentric. Within these openings isjournaled a drum or turret 8 which supports for .ro-

:' 25 tation therein, a plurality of work holding spindles 9 in circulararray about the drum axis. As herein shown (see particularly Figures 4,5, 9 and 14) eight of these spindles are employed, though for manyaspects of the invention, this number is not material and might be anynumber desired.

Further to the left, the base I is provided with upwardly extendingsupports l0 and II above which are journaled in frame members rotaryplates 12 and I3. Both of the plates l2 and [3 are provided with hubs atM and 15 secured to the central shaft l6 extending rearwardly from thedrum or turret 8. The shaft l6 may extend to a suitable series of stocksupports (not shown) in order that the stock supports may be indexedwith the indexing of the drum or turret 8 soas to maintain stockextending into the work spindles in substantial alinement therewith. Theplate 13 constitutes the first of these stock supports and is providedwith stock supporting sleeves l1.

Each of the work spindles is rotated from a central shaft 20 arranged inaxial alinement with the shaft [6. The rotary connections from the shaft20 to the several spindles differ somewhat from previous practice, andfor the purpose of providing a better distribution of wear and forrelieving the center shaft of some of the torque stresses. To theseends, the shaft 20 has fixed thereto a wide faced gear 2| which mesheswith gears 22 on each of the work spindles 9. As shown, each gear 22 isof substantially half the width of face of the gear 2| so that thesegears can be larger than heretofore and arranged in overlapping relationto each other, as best shown in Figures 1 and 9, the gears 22 thus beingin sets of four each, the gears of the sets alternating, one set ofthese gears engaging one end portion of the center gear 2!, and thegears of the other set engaging the other end portion of the central.gear 2|. The gears 22 may thus be considerably larger than heretofore,which produces a more even ratio of drive from the center shaft 20 andrelieves the center shaft of some of the torque stresses. The shaft 20extends forwardly of the drum or turret 8 and into the right hand columnhas keyed thereto a gear 58 (see Figures 15, 16 and 19) this gear 58meshing with a similar gear 59 keyed to a sleeve 590 (see Figure 19)journaled on a stub shaft 69. On a hub portion 6! of the gear 58 isjournaled on the ball bearings 92, an outer ring member 63 of a diskclutch, provided with an external gear 64. This clutch element 63 may beconnected to be driven by the shaft 51 by closing axial motion of themating clutch member 65 adapted to be moved between clutching andunclutching positions by the motion of a yoke 66 secured to a rock shaft6'! (see Figures and 17). The gear 64 meshes directly with a gear 10 ona shaft H which extends from front through a hollow shaft 24 which isfixed tothe to move the carrier 21 toward and from the drum.

8 by a cam follower roll 39 carried by the slide 29 and actuated bysuitable cams (not shown) on a cam drum 3| secured to an overhead cam"shaft 32. This cam shaft is journaled in suitable bearings 33 and 34 ofthe right hand column of the frame member 4 and injournals 35, and 36supported by the frame members 1' and 31. These bearings 33, 34, 35 and36 form portions of an upper bed extending from the right hand column tothe left end of the machine.

Machine driving mechanism As before mentioned, the driving mechanism forthe machine, including that for rotating the central shaft 20 and forrotating the cam shaft 32, which controls various other operations ofthe machine, is contained within the right hand column.

In the base of the machine and beneath the right hand column there isformed by the par-3 tition member 40 integral with the casting, acompartment 4| (see Figures 1 and 3) within which is mounted a drivingmotor 42. By forming this partition as an integral part of the basecasting all leakage of oil into the motor compartment is avoided. Asshown this driving motor is secured to a platform 43 suspended on apivot shaft 44 at one end and supported from the bot-- tom wall of thecompartment atits opposite end on coil springs 45 which surround bolts46, passed. up from beneath, and having nuts 41 on their upper ends. Themotor 42 is provided with a suitable drive pulley 48 over which pass theV belts 49 which extend over a drive pulley 5'0 secured to a shaft 5!.

a pair of change gears 90, secured to the shaft 5 As shown best inFigures 3, 15 and 19, pulleys 6 48 and 50, and the belts 49 are housedwithin a hinged casing 52 on the back face of the right hand column sothat these parts may be freely accessible when required. The shaft 5| isjourn aled in bearings 53 and 54 in the back' and dront walls,respectively, of the column, the front wall 55 being in-set toprovideachamber 56 i0rma lly closed offby a removablecover 51 for apurpose whichwill later appear. This shaft 5i an actuating rod 83 (Figures 16 and17). 35-

' clutch gear 64.-

at fast speed in the reverse direction through the intermediate gear 59,this being done when a clutch gear element 15, also meshing with thegear 10 on the cam shaft drive shaft H, and journaled concentric to thegear 59 on the ball bearings 16, is coupled for rotation from this gear59 through the closing of the clutch 18. This clutch 18 is closed byclosing motion of a clutch actuating yoke which is journaled on the rockshaft 6'! and has an arm .82 to which is secured The cam shaft is alsoarranged to-be driven at a relatively slow working speed in the samedirection as it is driven at high speed through the This low speed driveincludes the shaft 5| to which is secured the belt pulley 5D, and whichis coupled to a shaft 92 through 5|, and 9| secured to ashaft 92(Figures 15, 19 and 21). These change gears and 9! are housed within thechamber 56 in the forward face of the column, and access thereto may behad by removing the cover plate 51. The shaft 92, just inwardly of thewall portion 55 in Which it is journaled, has cut therein a worm gear 93(Figures 15 and 19) which meshes with a similar gear 94 (Figures 15 and18) secured to a shaft 95. This shaft 95 is arranged at right angles tothe shafts 5| and 92, and beneath the shaft 92, and is journaled inbearings in opposite column wall members 96 and 91, as shown best inFigure 18. Each of these wall members 96 and 91 is set inwardly to formwith adjacent wall portions an inner gear chamber 98 and an outer gearchamber 99 of an enclosure for the driving mechanism, which may beclosedby removable cover plates I00 and NH, respectively. The cover Hi0, and asomewhat similar removable cover Ht, (Figures 6 and 20), form outerhalves of openings I l 9, the inner halves of these openings beingthrough the column wall 455. These openings are for the purpose ofreceiving bearing bushings ings; all assembied,.-may be placed inposition in driven relation to the driving mechanism within the column,after which the covers'may 'be returned to hold these parts in place.This avoids the necessity in previous constructions of inserting theshafts for the end working tOols and the bushings endwise through theforward wall of the column and thereafter connecting these shafts intothe driving mechanism within the column.

Within the chamber 98, the shaft 95 is connected to a parallel shaft I02through a pair of change gears I03 and I04. At the opposite end of theshaft I02 and within the outer end gear chamber 99, the shaft I02 iscoupled with a parallel shaft I05 thereabove through a pair of changegears I06 and I01 fixed to the shafts I02 and I05, respectively. Theshaft I05 has keyed thereto a worm I08 which meshes with a worm wheel Ijournaled on the cam shaft drive shaft 1I. The worm gear I09 (Figure 15)drives through an overrunning clutch device I I0, one element III of aclutch also journaled on the shaft II. A mating clutch element II2splined to the shaft 1I may be moved into clutching relation to theclutch element III, thus to drive the shaft H from the worm gear I09,and this may be done by imparting axial motion to a clutch-controllingsleeve II3 which may wedge a series of balls I I4 in between the clutchelement I I2 and a collar I I located in a fixed axial position relativeto the shaft 1| by a threaded clamp collar H6. The clutch element I I Iis held in proper axial position by means of a yoke II1 (see Figures and21) extending across the outer face of the clutch element II I andadjustably secured to the machine frame.

a It will be noted from the foregoing description that the low orworking speed of the cam shaft is produced through three sets of changegears, each accessible from a side portion of the right hand column byremoval or opening of cover plates, one set of these change gears 90 and9| being located in a recess or chamber in the front face of the column,another set of change gears I03 and I04 in a recess or chamber in theinner face of the column, and the third set I06 and I01 being located ina chamber or recess in the outer end face of the column. By this meansthe choice from a very large number of slow or Working speeds of drivefor the cam shaft is possible.

Means are provided for applying a brake to the gear 10 so as to slowdown the shaft 1I when it is desired to disconnect the high speed driveand employ the low speed drive. As shown in Figure 15, this comprises apair of levers I20, both pivoted on a shaft I2! and each having a shoeI22 adjacent to opposite faces of the gear 10. Normally the shoes areheld out of contact with the faces of the gear 10, as by a spring I23engaging pins I24 extending from the upper ends of the levers I20, butat suitable times these upper ends maybe wedged apart by rocking of ashaft I25 having a flattened portion which engages therebetween, and sowedging the upper ends of these levers apart, and their lower endscarryin the shoes I22 into contact with opposite faces of the gear 10.

As shown best in Figure 3, this rock shaft I25 extends outside of themachine casing where it carries an arm I25 connected through a link I21to a cam actuated lever I28. This lever I28 is fixed to the shaft 61(Figure 17) on which the high speed clutch yoke 66 is pinned, thearrangement being such that when this clutch is closed, the brake isreleased from the gear 10 and when the clutch is thrown out, the brakeis applied.

.crumed on a fixed pin HI.

The cams for operating this lever I28 are carried by the end cam drumI29. These cams act to throw the high speed clutch in or out duringdifferent portions of the cycle, and when out, the drive is producedthrough the low speed drive mechanism previously described, theoverrunning clutch permitting both the high speed and low speed drivesto be engaged simultaneously. When the high speed drive is thrown out,the action of the brake shoes I22 slows down the speed of rotation ofthe cam shaft to that produced through the low speed drive. Thisfriction is released as soon as the actuating cam has passed beyond thepoint of contact (Figure 3) The shaft 61 extends across the machine andhas pivoted near its outer end outside the machine and at the back ofthe machine, a hand act-uating lever I30 having a hand knob I3I at itsouter end. This lever I30 also has fixed thereto a rod I32 which extendsacross to the front of the machine and is attached to a lever I33 havinga knob-I34 thereon similar to the lever I30 and the knob I3I, as shownin Figure 16, so that the operator is able to actuate the high speedclutch from either front or back of the machine.

The reverse clutch, as previously described, may be actuated through themotion of a rod 83 (see Figures 16 and 17). This rod 83 extends acrossthe machine and is pivotally connected to an arm I40 (see Figures 16 and18) secured to one end of a rock shaft I4I. To the other end of thisrock shaft MI is secured the actuating lever I42 having an actuatinghandle I43 at its outer end.

To the upper end of the lever I42 is connected 2. rod I44, which extendsacross the machine to" the back and is secured to the upper end of alever I45 having an actuating handle I46 on its outer end. This leverI45 is journaled on the shaft 61. The low speed power feed clutch iscontrolled by the axial position of the clutch sleeve II3 determined bya shifting yoke I50 (see Figures. 15, 16 and 21) which engages aperipheral groove in the outer face of the sleeve I I3. This yoke I50 isfulcru'rned at I5I to abracket I52 secured to the machine frame and itsarm I53 is pivoted at I54 to a link I55. The opposite end of this linkI55 is pivoted to an arm I56 having a hub portion secured to a sleeveI51 journaled on the rock shaft I4I. This sleeve I51 extends through theframe bearing I58, and to its outer end is secured an arm I59 having ahandle I60 at its outer end. To the opposite end of the arm I59 ispivotally secured a rod I6I which extends across to the back of themachine where it engages the upper end of an actuating lever I62journaled on the shaft 61 and having a handle I63. The rods I32, I44,and IBI are in parallel relation.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the power feed may be actuatedfrom either the front or 'back of the machineby manipulation of thehandles I60 or I63; that the high speed gear may be thrown in or outfrom either front or back of the machine by manipulating the handles I34or I3I, and that the reverse clutch may be actuated from either front orback of the machine by manipulation of the handles I43 or I46. I

It is, however, essential that the reverse clutch and the forwardclutches, either high or for power feed, shall not be brought intooperation at the same time, and to prevent this, an interlock-betweenthem is provided, which is shown best in Figures 16 and 16a. Above therods I44, I32, and I BI there is pivotally mounted a lever I10 ful- Thislever has rounded ends I12 and H3. The rounded-end I12 is positionedtobe contacted by a collar I14 fixed .to the rod I 44, while the endI'I3 may be contacted by a block I75 which is slidably mounted on both:of the rodsv I32'and IBI. The rod I32 has pinned :thereto a collar I16,and the rod I6I has pinned thereto acollar Ill, either of which may bebrought againstthe rear end of the block I15 and move the block I'I5sothat its longer extremity IIB may strike the lever end I73. With thisarrangement whenever either of the. reverse levers,

suchas the lever I42 or I45, is moved to throw in the reverse clutch,the collar l 74 engages the end I12 f, the lever I10, and rocks thislever so that the opposite end I13 will contact with the block I15, andinsure the positioning of this block engaging the collars I16 and IT! atthe point where both the high and low forward working speed clutches arein open position. Likewise, when either of the high or low forward speedclutch lovers are thrown into clutching relation, the correspondingcollar I76 or I'll, acting on the block "may be accessible to theoperator, on removing the cover 5?, for the attachment of asuitablehandle (notshown) engaging the splined'end of the shaft II. The wormgear 13 which drives the 'cam shaft is arranged to do so through asuitable shearing pin or slipping connection in accordance with usualpractice, so that on excessive overload of the cam shaft this drivingconnection is 'interrupted to avoid breakage of other parts of themachine.

Beside driving the camshaft at its relatively slow Working speed, theslow speed drive may also be employed to rotate the spindle drive shaft20. As shown this drive is taken from the shaft 92, the inner end ofwhich is coupled as by a coupling I85 to a short shaft I86 (seeparticularly Figures and 17). This shaft I86 is journaled in a gearhousing IB'I' which encloses the adjacent end of the shaft and carries abeveled pinion I90 meshing with a beveled gear I92 secured to the end ofthe shaft 20. I

From this mechanism may also be driven coolant and'lubricating pumps I95and I96, respectively, which are shown as driven through a sprocketchain I91 from a sprocket wheel I98 sccured to the shaft 5 I.

Work spindle indexing mechanism The indexing of the turret 8 to bringthe spindles therein successively into the various operative positionsis accomplished by rotation of a Geneva arm 200 secured to the cam shaft32,'as

shown best in Figures 1, 2 and 12, but the Geneva wheel, insteadof beingcarried by the drum or turret mechanism, is located above and forwardlythereof at 20I, and instead of having the same number of Geneva slots202 as there are stations, this Geneva wheel is shown as one-half thediameter of the indexing drum and having but half as many or four Genevaslots. This Geneva wheel is journaled on a stub shaft 203 (Figures 12and 13) and has adjustably secured thereto a sprocket ring 204.; Thissprocket ring may be held in place on areduced diameter portion 2050fthe Geneva ringbylia clamping ring 200 which is secured to .theback faceofthe Genevawheel, as by the screws 2070, but the ring 204 is free to beadjusted angularly for a limited distance with respect to the Genevawheel. To this end the Geneva Wheel has journaled in an openingtherethrough a worm wheel 20'! provided on its rear face with aneccentrically disposed pin 208 which rides in a radial slot 20:! in ahub portion of the sprocket ring 204. By rotation of this worm wheel20'! the eccentric pin 208, engaging between the sides of the slot, willbe moved, thus adjusting the angular relation between the sprocket ring204 and the Geneva wheel. For the purpose of producing such adjustmentand forlocking the Geneva wheel and sprocket ring together in adjustedposition, a pair of plugs 2I0 journaled in substantiallyradial arrangedperforations 2| I in the Geneva wheel have threaded portions whichengage the teeth of the worm wheel. By rotation of these plugs 2I0, asby a screwdriver engaging their outer ends, it is evident that the wormwheel 20'! may be angularly adjusted. The sprocket rin 204 is connectedthrougha sprocket chain 2 I 5 with sprocket teeth on the ring member I2,secured to the shaft I5, which in turn, is secured to the back wall ofthe spindle-holding drum 8. The sprocket chain 2I5 passes beneath anidler sprocket wheel 2I6 journalecl on a stub shaft 2 I! carried by abracket 2 I8 secured to the machine frame. By the use of the sprocketchain which wraps about a large arc of the circumference of the drivingplate I2, the stresses of indexing are distributed over a large part ofthe circumference of the driving member rather than being localized, asis the case where the Geneva wheel is directly secured to the drumshaft, and by employing a smaller diameter driving sprocket wheel thanthat of the driven member, a correspondingly, fewer number of Genevaslots are necessary. Any small variations in the drive, such as may bedue to wear of the sprocket chain, may be taken up by adjusting theangular relation between the Geneva wheel and the sprocket ring 204 aspreviously described.

In order that the drum or turret maybe indexed by hand, if desired, ahand operated lever 220 may be provided, this being fulcrumed on a stubshaft 22I on .which it is axially slidable and carrying a post 222 atits upper end. The lever 220 is normally held in the inoperativeposition shown in Figure 12a by a spring 223 sur-' rounding the stubshaft 22I, but by pressing the lever 220 inwardly, the post 222 may beengaged in one of the Geneva wheel slots, whereupon by rocking the lever220, the drum being unlocked, the Geneva wheel may be turned. When thelever is rocked into the dotted line position of Figure 12, then movedto bring the post 222 into the downwardly extending Geneva wheel slot,and then turned into the full line position of Figure 12, the drum willbe indexed in forward direction. By first engaging the post 222 in theoutwardly extending Geneva wheel slot in the full line angular positionof Figure 12, and then swinging the lever 220 up to the dotted lineposition, the drum is indexed backwardly.

This indexing mechanism is not claimed herein but forms subject matterof a divisional application Serial No. 624 306 filed October 24, 1945for Indexing mechanism.

Turret locking mechanism After each indexing operation, the spindlecarrying turret or drum is locked. Improved mechanism for accomplishingthis is shown best in Figures 1, 2 and 9. The drum or turret 8 isprovided with recesses 236 in longitudinally ex-, tending frame members231 within whichmay be projected a locking bolt 232. This locking boltis mounted for vertical sliding motion between a pair of gibs 233 and234, which are carried within a slot 235 in a framemember 236. The bolt232, as shown, is of rectangular cross section and engaging the top endthereof is aJplate 231, pressed downwardly to project the bolt into,locking position whenever permitted, by a pair of springs 238. Each ofthese springs surrounds a rod 239 threaded into the frame portion 236 atits lower end and having on its upper-end adjusting and lock nuts .246and 24! threaded thereon, the springsreacting between the plate 231 andwashers beneath the nuts /240. One edge face of the locking boltis'provided with a slot 242 within which rides a pin 243 on one arm of abell crank lever 244 fulcrumed at 245 on the frame member 236;The'opposite arm of this bell crank lever carries a; cam roller 246whichengages the periphery of a cam 241 carried'bi the cam drum shaft32. 'When the high part 248 of this cam bears againstthe cam roller 246,the bell crank lever 244 is rocked upwardly,

lifting thelatch bolt out of one of the sockets 236 of thespindle-carrying turret or drum, thus releasing this drum for anindexing motion. When the high point 248 of this cam passes beyond thefollower roll 246, the bolt isallowed to descend and enter one of thelocking sockets 236 and holdthe spindle drum or turret against r-otationduring which time the various machining operations are performedon'thework carried by these'spindles. f

It is exceedingly important that the turret or drumbe accurately lockedin proper positions and the service to which the locking boltis-subjected is very severe. The spindle carrying drum or turret inthelarger machineswill weigh a ton or more, and hence the stopping andlocating of this unit accurately presents a diflicult problem. i Inaccordance with the present invention the inner faces of thegibs 233 and234 are coated with thin sheets 256 of beryllium copper. This berylliumcopper is an alloy containing a small percentage of beryllium and asmallpercentage of cobalt, the remainder being copper. A representativeformula is 2% beryllium, 25% cobalt and the remainder copper.

The gibs 233 and 234 are preferably made of a fine grain annealed castiron with the beryllium copper sheet attachedto the inner faces of thegibs, as with silver solder. In the annealed state the surface of theberyllium copper can be scraped to bring a suitable bearing surfacebetween the hardened steel locking bolt 232 and the gibs. This is a fastand relatively-cheap operation. Whenthis has been done, the gibs areheated to a relatively low temperature, say, between 550 F. to 600 R,which is less than the melting point of the silver solder, which may bein the neighborhood of 1175 F., and are held at that temperature forsome hours, say, seven or eight, whereupon the beryllium copper becomesvery hard. This hardening is accomplished without in any part distortingor injuring the surface, nor does it in any way change the gibsthemselves. The bolt is preferably made of hardened tool steel. a

With this arrangement twoentirely different; metal surfaces are incontact, all of the parts aer hardened, and the coefficient of frictionbetween the hardened beryllium copper and the hardened steel ..bolt isrelatively: low, so thatthe 10 bolt can be operated ,withthe minimumamount of clearance between the parts and without requiring lubrication.

As shown, each of the gibs 233 and 234 is provided with a lateralprojectingv lug portion 251 and 252. The lug portion 251 projects withina slot 253 of a retaining plate 254 screwed onto the face of theframemember 236. The lug 252 projects into a similar slot 255 of a similarretaining plate 266.. This plate 256 may be secured through screw. andslot connections at 2316 to the frame member 236, and in order to adjustthe gibsfor wear, the gib 234 which has a sloping back face 256 maybemoved up and down by similar motion imparted to the plate 25-6. Asshowng this: may be accomplished by manipulation of alever 266 fulcrumedon a pin 26I secured to the" frame member 236 and having a short arm 262engaging within a slot 2-63 in the outer edge of the plate 256.

This turret'locking'mechanism is not claimed herein but'forms subjectmatter of the divisional application Serial 160,624,306 to whichreference has been made,

Tool slide arrangement It will'be noted that in each indexed position ofthe spindle carrier or turret, there are two spindl'es' positioned insubstantially horizontal alinement at the top, two at the bottom, andtwo on each side between the top and bottom spindles. This arrangementof the spindles in indexed position brings the top and bottom spindlesout from the central vertical plane of the machine where they are moreaccessible and more easily inspected than whenthey are in this plane. Italso perrnits a greater numberv of tools to be active on the workspindles at one time, and increases the numbernof positions at whichtooling may be a'ccomplishedover the former arrangement, in which ateach indexed position one spindle is at the top and anotherat thebottom. Thus, as shown in Figurel l, there'may'be upper and lower toolslides 366 and 363 at the front and back of the machine and movingfromand toward the central vertical'axisthereof. As shown each of the uppertool slides 366 carriesa single tool holder 362 for-working on the upperof the two,

side'spindle's, while the lower tool slide 36| has an upper tool carrier363 working on the lower of the two-side spindles and a lower toolcarrier 364 "operating on work at'the lowest spindles.

Each of these tool carriers is backed up by'micrometer screws 3: held inadjusted position as by lock nuts 3E6. Upper and lower tool slides atboth the front and back of the machine may be independentlyactuated,there being shown for this purpose sleeves 365 and 366 which arejournaled on vertical shafts 361 and 368, respectively. The sleeves 365and'366 are provided with integral arms 3l6, the back arm 3|6 'beingconnected through a link 366 with a slide-3H1 having a cam follower roll3H actuated by suitable cams on a cam drum 3E2 carried bythe cam shaft32. The forward arm SIG is similarly attached to a link 3l3, theopposite end of which is pivoted to a slide 3414 having a cam roller 3B3moved by cams (notshown) on a cam drum 3|! also fixed to the camshaft32. The sleeves 365 and 366 are extended below the top of the machineframe and have-arms 326 connected through links 32! to rods 322 carriedby the top tool carriers 366. The shafts 301 and 368 carry arms 325. Theback arm .325 is connected through a link 326 to a slide 321 having acam roller 328 engaged by cams (not shown) on a cam drum329 carried bythe cam shaft 32. The front arm 3231s connected througn a link 330 witha slide 33! having a cam roller 332 actuated by cams (not shown) on acam drum 333., also carried by the cam shaft 32, as shown best in Figure2. The lower portions of the shafts 301 and 308 have arms 334 connectedby links 3368 to the bottom tool slides. I

- The innermost positions of these front and back tool slides may becontrolled by selective positive stops in. accordance with usualpractice, the posi tions of these stops being controlled by the heads ofadjustable screws 335. projecting to different extents from theperiphery ofthe spindle-carryin drum or turret and which successivelyengage an eccentric arm 336. carried by a rock shaft 331 (see Figures 1and 9).. the rock shaft 3,37v controls the po i i s f he m vabl st p.car i s. ch as. is. shown in. the Gene Patent N 5 3 3,. wi h h excepion. hat. the con rolling ro k haf he e n. is belowrathe than sho e thespindhwarryns rum a d that h r a e e h instea oi fou positions inaccordance with the number egindex positions. By placing this rock shaftbelow rather than above the drum-itis more accessible and is moreeffectively lubricated by splash.

This arrangement of the work spindles when in indexed positions permits,the use of a pair of to holders .411. carryin t ols per tin n. the worlgat the two, top spindles, and; as shown best in Fi r the e t o a riers3. may be ecur d t o Yt ti allyv movabl sli e .41.. At th front and.back pQttions of this lide it is shown s. onn ed b nk 342. ee Eieur sland 4) to a. pair of rock rms. 343. i lcrumed o an a c d fr m m mbe 3.One of. thes r s 3. .3, as. shown n Figure this being t e. r

a s nnected throu h a i k 34. to s e 3 and. a show est in Figure 2, thisl de & has a camiollower roll 35]. ado ted. to be moved y c ms (n t sh wo a. m; drum 3,4,8 car ed the am hoit 3.2- Intermediate to. t eir ends,the links 341 are joined together by a transverse bracing rod 3.49 Apair of adjustable steps 35;] ee f c r act o imit the do nward. mo on.of the tool slide 341. On each. side of this slide 3 4 the. machineframe upper bed m mb rs 35.5. are downwar and inward y nc ined and havecrew h e v 3 .6. therethroue o tacll tate. the secureinent of varioustooling. attachments carry.- ing other tools for operating on work ateither of the top or next adjacent work spindles as may be desired.

Stock: handling mechanisms As shown herein, this machine isan eight-.spindle machine arranged to work in twosets of; four spindles each,although if desired, by disconnecting certain of the parts, the cyclemay be arranged to take place in all eight rather than in fourpositions. In Figures. 1 and 5 mechanism for clamping and releasing thework through the usual spring collets is illustrated; The collets forthe various; spindles are; opened and closed by. axial motion, as inusual; practice-, for which purpose the spindles are. provided withspools 31o between the flanges of; which; ride yokes 311. Each of theseyokes has secured to its outer end a flanged shoe 312 adapted toride: ina pair ofarcuatetracks 313; and 314 slidably. guided on bars 3-120 andat the top and bottom between these tracks on the track sections 31:5.

These track sections 3-15are supported at: opposite.

ends of a yoke memben- 3 15; piyoted at top; and? The angular p sitionof bottom on pivot pins 3'. At the top of the yoke 316 it oarries'a camfollower roll 318 adapted to be controlled by cams on a cam drum 319also carried by the cam shaft 32, so that at each index position,-a pairof collets are in position to be moved axiallyby rocking of the yoke316, thus to releaseand clamp thestock at these stations at.suitabletimes. During other portions of the rotation, while .the'shoes312 are in engagement with the traoks'3'l3and 314., the toilets are heldin clamping axial position. When the machine is operated as a singleeight-spindle machine the uppershoev 3'15 is removed. Beneath the track314 there is an intermediate position where the next to the bottomspindle has its. oollet mechanism under control ofv a, lever 380 whichis fulcrumed at 38k and has a socket at its. outer end for the rception-oi an. actuatin bar 3 hi lever carrying a track.- section 3-8.2with which the shoe 312 of. that; p rticular spindl en ages. The spindlat: his station, therefore, c n. have i s ol et open d, by hand bywining the l ver 380 wh sp r r this. s de i d. This. is done. in orde oload stoc in hespindle. th re n a i g adin station whether he machine isoperated as. a. double. ou oress ngle e ht spindle mah ne inner-end of.his e r 380, however. ex; over; into the path of motion of the lower n,o the ke membereieaso. that the openin sw ne o t yoke em er; 3 16' willinsur c ng the cellet at this station before the spindle carrieris; nextindexed in case the operator should have neglected to. close this,col-letaiteploading eel: in the-s nd In Figures 1, 4, '7 and 8,mechanism for feeding the.v st ck tothe spindles wh n the collets areele sed-i il us ed. T isfeedlng mechanism comprising the usual stockpusher for each spindle includestheannular heads 40.0 at the outer nd oeach pind which are. arran ed to be reciprocated at suitable times. toretract, while the stock is. being clamped by the spring collets,Q-teke-a m sh gr p. on thestock, and then, to ea yan ed wh le th colleis open to. pro ect e s ools-through; two f. th spindles. at upp ahilbwer; stations when themachine is arranged to operat as; a. doublefQIlIPSPLDdl-B? machine, and. t one of: hese positi ns only (the,lower.) when. it is. arranged aea, single, eight .-spin,dle machine. achoi these annularheeds on h s. its anal position controlled by a yoke mmber 01 slidably mounted on t SllIlDprting rod 40. secured at its ndsthe. plates. t and, l and. having. an arouateg fiooyetoreceive th head.each o hese y kes M; havi a it misread-ashes 4oz slotted ga e. p o edfixed track members, 4.0.3 which, h d the pusher. mec n sm. stationarduring, aeh ndex. po iti n,.'e eept at t e loading and nlo d n posit o sat the. top and. bottom of he indl dr ms Be ween th nds of. t ese-ttraeks 4 0 3,;the shoes dllz'engese tra k ection ca r e a ee s. o rmso a. yoke. 406 iulcrumed at top. and bottom on the pivots 4M. Theuppermember 404' is removed when. the machine is operated as, a singleeight-spindle machine. As shown'best in Figure 7;; the top arm; 403 isprovided withjanextension 4H! which may be secured; in adjusted positionby a screw 4- in; an arcnate slot inan extension 41-20 from. an arm 412which is fulcrumed on thextop pivot 40? and carries a cam roller 4 l 3enga ing anedge drum cam 4 l d-carried by thecam shaft 32. This camfollower 4 N ls-pressed into contactwith this edge camby aspring 415surrounding a rod 4 I 6- pivoted at lilfl t0 the lower arm 405- andslidable through a pivot. memben 4.113 journal'ed in a top

